Example: the third complementary day of the ninth year of the French Republic.įor information about the Republican Calendar go to The Republican calendar - and French Republican Calendar.By the number (first, second, third, and so on) of the day.Example: the feast day of Labor in the ninth year of the French Republic.The jours complémentaires (complementary feast days) were recorded in two ways: 13 Pluviôse VII (13 Pluviose, seventh year of the Republic).The years of the Republic were often designated by Roman numerals. Le treizième jour du mois de Pluviôse l’an sept de la République Française (The 13th of Pluviose in the seventh year of the French Republic).They were usually written out in French or the local language in Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, and Italy, as well as other areas ruled by the French government, such as Egypt, Malta, Reunion, Louisiana, Guiana, and some Caribbean islands. The revolutionaries also adopted names for the ten days of the week: French TitleĪ researcher will need to know how dates were recorded under the Republican Calendar. *The endings of the months group themselves into seasons, colored above for visualization.Ĭomplémentaire (complimentary) these are the extra five (or six in a leap year) feast days added to the end of the calendar. Months of the year in the Republican Calendar were: Months of the year in the Republican Calendar (For the month of May 1871 the Commune in Paris readopted the Republican Calendar.) This calendar only lasted for 13 years, from 1792 to 1806 when France, under Napoleon, returned to the Gregorian calendar used elsewhere in Europe. The first year beginning Septemwas designated as An 1, the next An 2, and so forth. A leap year was supposed to occur every four years that had six end-of-the-year feast days. They then added five days at the end of the year that were made into feast days for the Republic. The revolutionaries divided the year into twelve thirty-day months and named those months for occurrences in nature within those time frames. When it was created and implemented by the Republic some records were backdated to the beginning of the French Republic on 22 September 1792, which was designated as the start of year 1 of the Republican Calendar. You may also see it referred to as the French Revolutionary Calendar. Our tool is designed to generate great pictures.
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However, of those used in the last three hundred years, the French Republican Calendar is the most challenging for the researcher. Free PDF to JPG converter We just wanted to offer a useful tool to the Internet. Indeed, Wikipedia will tell you the current day and year using the system, although you'll want to read up on the exquisite problems related to leap years (also helpfully detailed on Wikipedia).įor a bit more on decimal time (including several modern variants), check out our article Decimal Time: How the French Made a 10-Hour Day.The calendar system in France has been changed several times. Of course, all this calendar-nerd stuff leads to the fact that you could still choose to use the French Republican Calendar. It took him more than a year to roll back the revolutionary calendar.) In any case, Janurolled around using the Gregorian calendar and the rest is history. (Incidentally, his coronation occurred on 11 Frimaire, Year XIII of the French Republican Calendar-also known as 2 December, 1804. This was due, of course, to the reign of Napoléon Bonaparte as Emperor. On December 31, 1805, the French government chucked the system-in the year XIV, by Republican reckoning. It began in late 1793 and ran all the way through the end of 1805 (again in the Gregorian reckoning). The French Republican Calendar lasted far longer. Decimal clocks and decimal/standard hybrid clocks continued to be used for years, but for practicality, France returned to the same system of time as its neighbors. By Ap(in the Gregorian calendar), the time system became optional. This was a bit inelegant (days and years being hard to divide cleanly by 10), but at least it was less confusing than trying to sort out what time "noon" was (it was 5 o'clock).įrench Revolutionary Time only lasted 17 months. The leftover days needed to add up to 365 or 366 for the year were tacked onto the end of the year as holidays. Months were divided into three 10-day weeks, and there were 12 months. But it also brought huge headaches.įrench Revolutionary Time came alongside the French Republican Calendar, a further attempt to rationalize time. The system was elegant, doing away with the complex math required for time calculations under a 24 hour/60 minute/60 second system. A day had 10 hours, 100 minutes per hour, and 100 seconds per minute.
In 1793, the French switched to French Revolutionary Time, creating a decimal system of time.
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